Altered circulating CCR6+and CXCR3+ T cell subsets are associated with poor renal prognosis in MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis.

BACKGROUND: Effector memory T cells are pivotal effectors of adaptive immunity with enhanced migration characteristics and are involved in the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). The diversity of effector memory T cells in chemokine receptor expression has been well studied in proteinase 3 (PR3)-AAV. However, few studies have been conducted in myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAV. Here, we characterized chemokine receptor expression on effector memory T cells from patients with active MPO-AAV. METHODS: Clinical data from newly diagnosed MPO-AAV patients and healthy subjects were collected and analyzed. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from patients with active MPO-AAV were analyzed by flow cytometry. The production of effector memory T cell-related chemokines in serum was assessed by ELISA. RESULTS: We observed decreased percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood, accompanied by a significant decrease in CCR6-expressing T cells but an increase in CXCR3+ T cells, in active MPO-AAV. Furthermore, the decrease in CCR6 and increase in CXCR3 expression were mainly limited to effector memory T cells. Consistent with this finding, the serum level of CCL20 was increased. In addition, a decreasing trend in the TEM17 cell frequency, with concomitant increases in the frequencies of CD4+ TEM1 and CD4+ TEM17.1 cells, was observed when T cell functional subsets were defined by chemokine receptor expression. Moreover, the proportions of peripheral CD8+ T cells and CD4+ TEM subsets were correlated with renal prognosis and inflammatory markers. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that dysregulated chemokine receptor expression on CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory T cells and aberrant distribution of functional CD4+ T cell subsets in patients with active MPO-AAV have critical roles related to kidney survival.

Mandibular phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor-mixed connective tissue variant in a young girl.

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor-mixed connective tissue variant (PMTMCT) is an extremely rare tumor associated with tumor-induced osteomalacia. The majority occur in middle age and arise from the extremities. This report describes a young girl with PMTMCT arising in the mandible and with no evidence of paraneoplastic syndrome.

Propolis decreases the expression of MMP-9 in fibroblasts and monocyte-derived macrophage in vitro / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the potential mechanisms of therapeutic effect of propolis in the treatment of diabetic wound. Methods Human fibroblasts(Fb) and monocytic THP-1 cells were routinely cultured at 37℃ in an environment of 95% air and 5% CO2 in RPMI medium containing 11mmol/l glucose, 15mmol/l HEPES and 5% fetal calf serum. To a portion of culturing THP-1 monocytes phorbol myristate actetate (PMA; 2?10 -7mol/L) was added. After 24 hours when approximately 75% of the monocytes became macrophage which attached to the plate. Propolis was added to a culture system of human fibroblasts(Fb), THP-1 monocyte and THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophage(Mac) with different concentration of propolis(10, 50, 100, 200?g/ml) and different glucose(5mmol/L; 25mmol/L), For each experiment the cells were cultured for 48 hours in the presence of Propolis. Then the media were collected and the protein expression of matrix metalloproternase-9 (MMP-9) were determined by gelatin zymography using a MDPF- labeled gelatin as substrate. The media were loaded onto an 8% SDS PAGE gel containing MDPF labeled gelatin (1%) after electrophoresis, the gels were placed on a long wave ultra violet light box and photographed. The area degraded by the MMPs was observed as dark bands on a light background. The MMPs were quantified by measurement of the band area using the Phoretix_1D_Advanced Digital Science Electrophoresis Documentation and Analysis System. Results the high glucose has a tendency to increase the expression of MMP-9, The propolis can decreased the expression of MMP-9, and has a dependent on doses tendency. F test P